Direct answer
HMRC guidance says that from 6 April 2026, if an employee with a student loan cannot identify Plan 1, 2 or 4, payroll uses Plan 5 until an SL1 provides the correct plan; multiple plans use the lowest recovery threshold until notice.
Current HMRC notices, payroll software and GOV.UK guidance control. This is not payroll or tax advice.
Source checked 1 August 2026: HMRC employer guidance, updated 6 April 2026.